ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਬੋਲੀ ਬਾਰੇ / Punjabi Language

pMjfbI BfsLf df knyzf ivc BivwK

sfDU ibinMg

meI 17, 2009, aOtvf, knyzf

myrI ieh gwlbfq koeI akfdimk aiBafs nhIN sgoN pMjfbI bolI leI icMqq ivakqI dy ivcfr hn[ hor lokF vFg mYN vI ipCly kfPI lMmy smyN qoN pMjfbI dy knyzf ivc pYr pwky krn leI XqnsLIl hF[

mYnUM pMjfbI bolI dy BivwK bfry gwlbfq krn leI ikhf igaf hY[ iksy cIjL bfry BivwKbfxI krnf aMD ivsLvfsIaF df kMm hY[ ivigafnk phuMc vfly lok mOjUdf siQqIaF aqy ruJfnF df pqf lfAuNdy hn aqy afAux vfly smyN leI axcfhy ruJfnF nUM bdlx leI qy siQqI nUM anukUl bxfAux leI amlI pwDr `qy kdm cuwkdy hn[ knyzf ivc pMjfbI bolI dy BivwK dI gwl krn lwigaF vI sfnUM ieh phuMc hI apnfAuxI cfhIdI hY[

pMjfbI BfsLf dy BivwK sbMDI kuJ vI kih skxf ies gwl `qy inrBr krdf hY ik ies vyly asIN knyzf ivc pMjfbI bolI dIaF aMdrUnI aqy bfhrI siQqIaF nUM ikMnf ku brIkI ivc smJdy hF aqy Aus dy aDfr `qy kwlH bfry kI inrny krdy hF[ ieh gwl iksy hor QF bfry kihxI sLfied sMBv nf hovy, pr knyzf bfry asIN kuJ hwd qwk ies gwl dI afs kr skdy hF ik jy asIN pMjfbI bolI dy BivwK bfry gMBIrqf nfl kuJ krIey qF cMgy iswty inwkl skdy hn[

so asl ivc knyzf ivc pMjfbI BfsLf df BivwK hux hY[

BfvyN ies ivc koeI sLwk nhIN ik jdoN asIN pMjfbI bolI dI gwl krn lgdy hF qF sfzy sfhmxy bysLumfr nFh-pwKI msly af KVHdy hn[ dovyN pMjfb sfzy vfsqy koeI vDIaf AuqsLfh dyx vflIaF AudfhrnF pysL nhIN kr rhy[ pfiksqfn, jMmU ksLmIr, idwlI, hirafxf qy sLfied kuJ hwd qwk cMzIgVH vI, ijwQy pMjfbIaF dI vsoN hY aqy lok pMjfbI boldy vrqdy vI hn AuWQy ividak aqy akfdimk hlikaF ivc pMjfbI nUM iek ho cuwkI bolI vjoN ilaf jf irhf hY[ ienHF QfvF `qy sMsikRq vFg pMjfbI ivc AuWc-pwDrI izgrIaF qF idwqIaF jFdIaF hn pr CotIaF jmfqF ivc bwicaF nUM ies bolI ivc pVHfieaf nhIN jf irhf[

pMjfbI nUM hr jgHf drpysL ies iksm dy sfry msly aslI hn aqy gMBIrqf nfl lYxy cfhIdy hn[ pr ijwQy qwk knyzf df sbMD hY, pMjfbI BfsLf df vrqmfn vDIaf hY[ ies krky ies vyly jLrUrI hY ik asIN ies siQqI nUM shI arQF ivc smJIey qy Aus anusfr afAux vfly smyN vfsqy kuJ PYsly krIey qy Pyr AunHF muqfbk kMm krIey[

mYN afpxI gwlbfq nUM moty qOr `qy iqMn ihwisaf ivc vMizaf hY[ pihlf pMjfbI BfeIcfry dIaF aMdrUnI siQqIaF, dUjf, knyzf ivc pMjfbI bolI dy ivkfs dIaF sMBfvnfvF qy aKIr ivc kI kIqf jfxf cfhIdf hY[

aMdrUnI siQqIaF

knyzf ivc pMjfbI bolI dI hoNd ipCly 110 sflF qoN hY[ ies AuWqy sB qoN vwD asr iemIgrysLn ny pfieaf hY[ ipClI sdI dy sLurU sflF 1903 qoN 1907 dOrfn pMjfbI kfPI vwzI igxqI ivc eyQy afey pr Pyr nslI kfrnF vws ienHF df eyQy afAuxf lMmy smyN qwk amlI qOr `qy bMd irhf[ 1960ivaF dy awD qoN lY ky pMjfbIaF dI afmd ivc vfDf huMdf irhf hY aqy hux knyzf ivc pMjfbI bolI igxqI pwKoN cOQy nMbr `qy hY[1][

ipCly dhfikaF dOrfn pMjfbI BfeIcfry ny afpxy afp nUM eyQy isafsI qy afriQk qOr `qy sQfpq kr ilaf hY aqy nqIjy vjoN pMjfbI bolI ny vI qrwkI kIqI hY[ knyzf dy vwzy kyNdrF vYnkUvr, trFto, kYlgrI, aYzmMtn afid ivc ibjleI qy ipRMt mIzIey rfhIN pMjfbI bolI ivc bysLumfr srgrmIaF ho rhIaF hn[ pMjfbI lokF aqy bolI AuWpr ienHF srgrmIaF dy do iswDy asr pey hn[ pihlf asr mnoivigafnk hY ijs nfl lokF dy svY-mfx aqy svY-Brosy ivc XkInn vfDf hoieaf hY[ pMjfb dy pyNzU ipCokV `coN afey hoey lok pihlI vfrI ryzIE, tYlIivXn, iPlm aqy ieMtrnYWt vrgy sLkqIsLflI mIzIey nUM afpxy kMtrol ivc mihsUs kr rhy hn[ Auh afpxI mrjLI nfl pRogrfmF df PYslf krdy hn qy mrjLI nfl hI AunHF nUM pysL krdy hn[ ies nfl mIzIey ivc vrqI jFdI bolI afm lokF dI bolI dy nyVy hoeI hY[ ryzIE tYlIivXn dyKx suxn vfilaF nUM ies gwl df aihsfs hoieaf hY ik gwlbfq AunHF dI afpxI jfxI pCfxI bolI ivc ho rhI hY[ iek afm pMjfbI sOK nfl Pon rfhIN ryzIE `qy gwl kr skdf hY[ ijs pwDr qwk ieh gwl knyzf ivc sMBv hoeI hY, nf pMjfb ivc qy nf hI hor ikqy dyKx nUM imldI hY[ BfvyN ieh srgrmIaF afpxy pihly pVfa ivc hn aqy ies ivc anykF AUxqfeIaF hn pr ies ivc pMjfbI bolI vfsqy Auh sfrIaF sMBfvnfvF CupIaF hoeIaF hn jo asIN aMgRyjLI jF hor ivkisq bolIaF dy mIzIey ivc dyKdy suxdy hF[

dUjf muwK asr afriQk hY[ BfvyN ajy vI kfPI lok ryzIE, tYlIivXn aqy aKbfrF ivc vlMtIar qOr `qy afpxf Xogdfn pfAuNdy hn pr hux ienHF srgrmIaF ivc lwgy lok afpxI rojLI rotI vI kmf rhy hn[ jdoN afriQkqf iksy srgmrI df ihwsf bx jfvy qF Aus srgrmI dy cldy rihx dy mOky vwD jFdy hn[ eysy iksm df ivkfs pMjfbI sMgIq qy iPlm ivc vI ho irhf hY[ ieh dovyN iek nvyN AudXog vjoN AuWBr rhy hn ijs AuWpr Kud pMjfbIaF df kbjLf hY[ ienHF AudXogF nfl Kfs qOr `qy pMjfbI bolI dy pYr jMm rhy hn aqy ies dI Aumr ivc ibnF sLwk vfDf ho irhf hY[ ipCly kuJ sflF dOrfn pMjfbIaF df mnprcfvf krn vfly anykF nvyN nFa AuWBr ky sfhmxy afey hn[ ieh Auh srgrmIaF hn ijnHF sdkf pMjfbIaF dIaF aglIaF pIVHIaF vI pMjfbI bolI qy siBafcfr nfl juV rhIaF hn[

bfhrI siQqIaF

AuWprlI sMKyp crcf qoN jLfihr hY ik knyzf ivc pMjfbI BfeIcfry ny aqy nqIjy vjoN pMjfbI bolI ny shI idsLf vwl ivkfs kIqf hY[ hux kuJ crcf knyzf ivc pMjfbI bolI dy ivkfs dIaF sMBfvnfvF bfry kIqI jfvygI[ ijwQy qwk pMjfbI bolI nUM kOmI pwDr `qy mfnqf idvfAux dI gwl hY, ieh mslf kfPI guMJldfr hY ikAuNik ieh isrP pMjfbI bolI df hI mslf nhIN sgoN knyzy ivc ies vyly bolIaF jfx vflIaF 147 bolIaF nfl bwJf hoieaf hY[ ies sbMDI bhuq sfrI Koj qy ivcfr vtFdry dI loV hY[ mYN eyQy isrP kuJ motIaF motIaF gwlF vwl hI iesLfrf kr skFgf ijhVIaF knyzf ivc pMjfbI bolI dy ivkfs ivc rukfvt pf skdIaF hn jF shfeI ho skdIaF hn[

knyzf ivc pMjfbI bolI dy ivkfs dIaF sMBfvnfvF nUM smJx leI ieMglYNz dy pMjfbIaF sfhmxy afey msilaF vwl iDafn mfrnf shfeI ho skdf hY[ drsLn isMG qfqlf vloN sMpfd kIqI pusqk 'brqfnIaF ivc pMjfbI BfsLf' (1996) ivc pMjfbI dy bhuq sfry lyKkF aqy aiDafpkF dy lyK hn jo dUjy siBafcfrF aqy bolIaF pRqI ieMglYNz dIaF nslvfdI nIqIaF dI gwl krdy hn[ mYN afpxy pihly kuJ lyKF ivc ienHF dI crcf kr cuwikaf hF ies krky mYN ivsQfr ivc nhIN jfvFgf[ eyQy ieh gwl kihxI kfPI hY ik aYlfnIaF qOr `qy iek bhu-siBafcfrk mulk hox kfrn knyzy dIaF siQqIaF ieMglYNz nfloN vwKrIaF hn[ iek pwDr `qy bhu-siBafcfrk hox df mqlb hY ik iewQy sfry siBafcfrF nUM vDx Puwlx df iewko ijhf mOkf imldf hY[ kuJ hwd qwk ieh gwl TIk hY pr ijwQoN qwk dUjIaF bolIaF dI sFB sMBfl jF ivkfs df sbMD hY knyzf df ieh vwKrfpn BulyKf pfAU hY aqy nuksfndyh hY[

ieh gwl afm mMnI jFdI hY ik siBafcfr aqy bolI df afpsI sbMD siBafcfr dy bfkI sfry aMgF nfloN gUVHf huMdf hY[ pr knyzy df bhu-siBafcfr ies scfeI nUM mMnx qoN ienkfrI hY[ aMgRyjLI aqy PrFsIsI qoN ibnF bfkI dIaF sfrIaF bolIaF nUM knyzf ivc ivdysLI bolIaF mMinaF jFdf hY[ knyzf ivc PYzrl pwDr `qy jd vI bolIaF jF bolIaF bfry nIqI dI gwl huMdI hY qF Auh isrP do srkfrIaF bolIaF dI hI huMdI hY[ knyzf ivc pIar trUzo smyN 1969 ivc pihlf afPIsLIal lYNgUeyj aYkt pfs kIqf igaf sI ijs nUM 1988 ivc soiDaf igaf[ knyzf dIaF do srkfrI BfsLfvF qoN ibnF iksy hor jLbfn df Aus ivc ijLkr nhIN hY[ knyzf ivc jdoN Gwt igxqI jLbfn dy hwkF dI gwl huMdI hY qF Auh aMgRyjLI boldy ielfky ivc PrFsIsI bolI huMdI hY qy PrFsIsI boldy ielfky ivc aMgRyjLI huMdI hY[

knyzf ivc doBfsLI isrP Aus nUM hI mMinaF jFdf hY ijhVf aMgRyjLI qy PrFsIsI dovyN srkfrI BfsLfvF boldf hovy[ ies ihsfb nfl knyzf ivc 83% lok isrP iek hI jLbfn bolx vfly hn[ PYzrl srkfr ienHF do srkfrI bolIaF dy ivkfs vfsqy vwzI pwDr `qy XojnfvF bxfAuNdI hY aqy pYsy KrcdI hY[ Audfhrn vjoN, jUn 2008 ivc srkfr ny iek 'rozmYp Pfr ilMguiesitk zuaYiltI ien kYnyzf 2008-2013' rIlIjL kIqf[ ies anusfr ienHF pMjF sflF ivc srkfr ny 1.1 iblIan zflr ienHF bolIaF dy ivkfs leI vwKry vwKry BfeIcfiraF ivc Krcxy hn[2][ ienHF pYisaF df ienHF bolIaF AuWpr ividak adfiraf rfhIN Krc hox vfly pYsy nfl koeI sbMD nhIN[

dunIaF ivc bhu-BfsLfvI mulk hn ijnHF ivc vwKrIaF vwKrIaF BfsLf nIqIaF hn aqy Auh mulk ivc bolIaF jFdIaF Gwt igxqI bolIaF nUM vI mfnqf idMdy hn[ XUrp dy bhuq sfry mulkF ivc Gwt igxqI bolIaF dI hoNd nUM vI sivkfiraf jFdf hY[ Audfhrn vjoN, ijpsIaF dI BfsLf romnI, XUrp dy drjn qoN vwD mulkF - afstRIaf, cYkoslvfkIaf, jrmnI, mONtInYgro, nYdrlYNz, nOrvya, polYNz, romfnIaf, srbIaf, slovfkIaf, slovfnIaf, svIzn - ivc iek Gwt igxqI dI bolI vjoN mMnI geI hY[ ies pwKoN Bfrq vI sfzy leI iek Audfhrn hY ijwQy zyZ drjn qoN AuWqy bolIaF srkfrI hox df drjf rwKdIaF hn[ knyzf dI 32 imlIan dI abfdI ivc hux vwzI igxqI srkfrI bolIaF qoN ielfvf dUjIaF bolIaF bolx vflI hY[ iek bhu-siBafcfrk mulk hox dy bfvjUd dUjIaF bolIaF nUM ijs qrHF knyzf mfnqf dyx qoN ienkfrI hY, ieh afpxy afp ivc hYrfnI vflI gwl hY[ pr afs dI ikrn ies gwl ivc hY ik hux Gwto Gwt knyzf dy afidvfsI lokF dIaF bolIaF pRqI srkfrI nIqI ivc kuJ Prk dyKx nUM imldf hY[ Audfhrn vjoN, nunfivwq ivc aMgRyjLI aqy PrFsIsI dy nfl ienukqIquq vI srkfrI BfsLf df drjf rwKdI hY[ aqy nOrQvYst tYrytrI ivc aMgRyjLI aqy PrFsIsI dy nfl nON afidvfsI BfsLfvF vI srkfrI drjf rwKdIaF hn[

AuWprlI crcf qoN ieh gwl sfhmxy afAuNdI hY ik knyzf dI PYzrl srkfr qoN pMjfbI bolI dI sFB sMBfl jF ivkfs ivc ajy koeI afs nhIN rwKI jf skdI[ ies gwl nfl koeI Prk nhIN pYNdf ik pMjfbI ies vyly knyzf ivc qy knyzy dI pfrlImYNt ivc cOQy nMbr `qy hY jF ies nUM knyzf dy ivkfs ivc afpxf Xogdfn pfAuNidaF sdI qoN vwD smF ho igaf hY[ pr ijwQy kOmI pwDr `qy pMjfbI nUM mfnqf dI gwl ajy dUr df suPnf lwgdI hY[3], AuWQy sUibaF dI pwDr `qy siQqI vwKrI hY[ knyzf dy ividak ZFcy ivc ividaf sbMDI PYsly krn df hwk sUibaF dy kol hY[ ies dy aDfr `qy hI asIN bI sI ivc Kfs krky, pMjfbI vfsqy kuJ hwk hfsl krn ivc kfmXfb hoey hF aqy afAux vfly smyN ivc ho skdy hF[

kI krn dI loV hY?

trFto ivKy 1998 nUM hoeI pMjfbI kFnPrMs vyly mYN 'knyzf ivc pMjfbI BfsLf aqy ies df BivwK' nF df iek Koj pwqr pysL kIqf sI[ Aus pypr dy aKIr ivc 'kI krn dI loV hY?' dy AuWp-isrlyK Qwly iqMn suJfa rwKy sn - (A) afpxI sUJ aqy phuMc nMU nvIaF siQqIaF dy hfx df bxfAuxf; (a) nvIN sUJ dy afDfr AuWqy jQybMdk ZFcf kfiem krnf; (e) aglI pIVHI nMU jwdo-jihd ivc sSfml krnf[

knyzf dy dUijaF ihwisaF bfry qF mYN bhuqf kuJ kih nhIN skdf pr bI sI ivc qy Kfs kr vYnkUvr qy PryjLr vYlI sbMDI mYN afpxy kuJ qjrby sFJy kr skdf hF[ vYnkUvr qy afs pfs dy ielfikaF ivc pMjfbI lYNgUeyj aYjUkysLn aYsosIeysLn (plI) nF dI jQybMdI rfhIN asIN kuJ hwd qwk ienHF suJfvF qoN syD lYx dI kosLsL kIqI hY aqy nqIjy vjoN kuJ pRfpqIaF vI hoeIaF hn[

bI sI dI srkfr ny 1994 ivc afpxI ividaf nIqI ivc dUjI BfsLf vjoN pVHfeIaF jfx vflIaF bolIaF ivc pMjfbI vI sLfiml kIqI sI[ ies mOky qoN ijMnf lfhf ilaf jf skdf sI Auh qF sMBv nhIN hoieaf pr Pyr vI pRfpqI ijLkrXog hY[ ies vyly bI sI ivc pMjfbIaF dI vsoN vfly QfvF `qy aqy Kfs kr srHI qy aYbtsPorz ivc aYlImYNtrI aqy hfeI skUlF ivc pMjfbI pVHfeI jf rhI hY[ srHI siQwq kvFtiln pOlIitkink XUnIvristI ivc vI ipCly cfr ku sfl qoN pMjfbI dI pVHfeI cwl rhI hY qy afs kIqI jFdI hY ik ieh adfrf pMjfbI ivc izgrI qwk dI pVHfeI sLurU kry[ XU bI sI ivc 1987 qoN lgfqfr pMjfbI pVHfeI jf rhI hY qy AuWQy vI ies iksm dI afs hY ik pMjfbI dI pVHfeI izgrI qwk phuMc jfvy[ sfeImn PryjLr XUnIvristI aqy PryjLr vYlI XUnIvristI aYbtsPorz vI pMjfbI dIaF jmfqF df pRbMD krdIaF hn[ iswK sMsQfvF vloN clfey jf rhy pbilk skUlF ivc vI pMjfbI pVHfeI jFdI hY[ ienHF sfry adfiraF ivc hr sfl iqMn hjLfr qoN AuWpr ividafrQI iksy nf iksy pwDr `qy pMjfbI bolI pVHnI qy ilKxI iswKdy hn[ ies pVHfeI df AunHF nUM dUjIaF bolIaF dI pVHfeI vFg hI krYizt imldf hY[ nfl hI Auh ividafrQI ijhVy pMjfb qoN pVH ky afey hox jF ijnHF ny iewQy afpxy GrF jF gurdvfiraF afid ivc pMjfbI pVHI hovy Auh gryz bfrHF dy iemiqhfn dy skdy hn aqy dUjIaF bolIaF vFg hI AunHF nUM XUnIvristI vloN mfnqf imldI hY[

bI sI dy ividak Kyqr dI sB qoN vwD gOlxXog pRfpqI knyzf ivc jMmy plLy Auh nOjvfn aiDafpk qy aiDafpkfvF hn jo ies vyly ienHF skUlF, kfljF aqy XUnIvristIaF ivc pVHf rhy hn[ ienHF ny Kud pMjfbI iek dUjI BfsLf vjoN pVHnI qy ilKxI iswKI hY aqy ies krky Auh ies nUM dUjI BfsLf vjoN pVHfAux vfsqy sLfied sB qoN vwD ZuwkvyN aiDafpk hn[ BivwK nUM iDafn ivc rwKidaF ijhVI sB qoN mhwqvpUrn gwl hY, Auh hY ik ienHF aiDafpkF ivwcoN kuJ lok pMjfbI bolI leI aYkitivst bx rhy hn[ plI ivc ienHF ivwcoN kuJ aiDafpk srgrmI nfl ihwsf lYNdy hn[ iewDr jMmy plLy hox kfrn ienHF nUM iewQoN dy ZFcy bfry pMjfb ivwcoN afey lokF nfloN ijLafdf sUJ hY[ pMjfbI bolI sbMDI ijs iksm dIaF nFh-pwKI gwlF dy isLkfr pMjfb ivc lok ho jFdy hn eyQoN dy jMmplL AunHF qoN vI mukq huMdy hn[ ieh nOjvfn kuJ hwd qwk pMjfb ivc jMmy plLy aiDafpkF nfloN afpxy ikwqy pRqI vI vwKrI phuMc rwKdy hn[ ieh sfrIaF gwlF bI sI ivc pMjfbI bolI dy ivkfs ivc bVIaF sfriQk iswD ho rhIaF hn qy hoxgIaF[

ipCly pMdrF vIh sflF dOrfn plI aqy hor jQybMdIaF vloN pMjfbI mIzIey rfhIN pMjfbI bolI dI pVHfeI vfsqy jo lgfqfr crcf huMdf irhf hY Aus nfl afm lokF dI pMjfbI pRqI phuMc ivc vI Prk afieaf hY[ hux lok afpxy bwicaF nUM skUlF ivc pMjfbI pVHfAux dy PYsly qoN pihlF ijMny zrdy nhIN[ ies ivc bhuqf asr ies gwl nfl ipaf hY ik ividak adfiraF ivc pMjfbI pVHn vfly ividafrQIaF nUM nOkrIaF lYx smyN pMjfbI jfnx nfl nOkrI imlx ivc shfieqf ho rhI hY[ dUjy pfsy hfeI skUl ivc PrFsIsI jF spynI iswKx nfl ieh gwl nhIN vfprdI ikAuNik srHI jF aYbtsPorz ivc ienHF bolIaF nUM bolx vfly lokF dI igxqI nhIN hY[

ies dy nfl hI ividak adfiraF ivc pMjfbI pVH rhy ividafrQIaF nUM hux afpxI iswKI hoeI pMjfbI BfeIcfry awgy pysL kr skx dy mOky vI imlxy sLurU ho gey hn[ hux XU bI sI vrgy ividak adfry aqy plI vrgIaF BfeIcfry dIaF jQybMdIaF ieho ijhy PMksLnF df pRbMD krn lwg peIaF hn ijwQy ividafrQIaF dy BfsLx mukfbly, lyK ilKx dy mukfbly afid krvfey jFdy hn aqy ividafrQIaF nUM ienfm snmfn idwqy jFdy hn[

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